Wall construction



Dec. 29, 1925 1,567,422 C. E. COFFEE V WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed May 7, 1924' 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 god/s 15 60/ /26;

W atfouwq E Dec. 29, 1925- C. E. COFFEE Filed May '7, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 1925.

CYRUS E. COFFEE, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed May 7, 1924.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYRUS E. COFFEE, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wall Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates generally to wall joints, and more specifically to a novel means of bonding the several walls of a building or other structure formed of masonry or other suitable building material.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide generally a novel bond or tie for joining two walls formed of blocks of brick, stone, or other suitable units, which will reinforce the structure generally, in addition to forming a stronger joint.

A more specific object is to provide a novel form of joint for the corner of a building.

Another specific object is to provide a novel means of joining an end of one wall to a side of the other, whereby the two walls 'may be erected independently of one another, as the convenience of the builder may dictate, and later be joined together after their erection.

Another object is to provide means whereby two such reinforcing bonds or joints at different locations in the structure may be joined together and thereby braced or strengthened by a third bond integral therewith so as to form a continuous or single unit.

Another object is to provide a novel form of sleeper for equalizing among the cornponent units of a wall the localized pressure on the wall due to the unequal weights borne by different joists. 4

Another object is to provide such a sleeper which is so arranged that, though it extend across the full widthof the wall, its existence can not be detected by its outward ap earance.

further object is to provide means whereby the third bond hitherto mentioned may function in a dual capacity, serving as the sleeper as well as the said bond.

Other objects and advantages will be ap parent as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which like numbers of reference denote like parts wherever they occur.

Serial No. 711,729.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a corner joint for a pair of walls composed of solid blocks, as it appears from the enclosed side, the outline of the blocks hidden by the bonding material being indicated in dotted lines;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the same as it appears from the enclosing side, a form for retaining the bonding material within proper bounds while it is in its fluid state being shown attached thereto;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a corner joint for a pair of walls composed of hollow blocks or tile, as it appears from the encloslng side prior to pouring the bonding ma terial thereinto;

Figure 4- is a sectional view on the irregular line 4% of Figure 3, but with the bonding material in place, parts being broken away;

Figure 5 is a view in perspective with parts broken away of a modified form of corner joint for a pair of walls formed of hollow blocks, as it appears from the enclosing side prior to pouring the bonding material thereinto;

Figure 6 is a sectional view 011 the irregular line 66 of Figure 5, with the bonding material in place; I

Figure 7 is perspective view with parts broken away depicting the manner of joining the end of one wall to the side of another, without the bonding material in place;

Figure 8 is a sectional view on the irregular' line 8-8 of Figure 7 Figure 9 is a perspective view, with parts broken away, of a modified form of the joint of Figures 7 and 8;

Figure 10 is a perspective view, with oarts broken away, of certain of the sleeper-forming elements of this invention as they appear in place on the walls preparatory to pouring the bonding material; and

Figure 11 is a sectional view on the line 11-11 of Figure 10, but with the bonding material associated therewith.

The various bonds hereinafter referred to may be constructed of any suitable moldable material, but concrete, and especially reinforced concrete, is preferred therefor.

Referring to the form depicted in Fig ures l and 2, a pair of walls 1 and 2, formed of blocks 3 and 4, extend in different directions and meet at their ends to form a corner 5, the outer portions of said walls being joined in a continuous structure by the blocks 4, and the inner portions of either of said Walls terminating as at 6, at the inner side 7 of the other of said walls to form a cavity 8. Some of-the blocks 3 are in retracted relation to others with respect to the terminating surface (3, as at 9, forming recesses 10, into which recesses 10 and the cavity 8 the bond 11 is poured, the bonding material 1.1 being retained within'proper bounds while in the fluid condition by the temporary form 12.

The construction shown in Figures and 4c is somewhat similar to that of l iguresl and 2, hollow blocks 13 and 14 being used instead of the solid blocks 3 and 4c depicted in Figures 1 and 2, thebond 11 extending into the recesses 15 in theblocks Band 14, the open end faces 16 of said blocks facing the cavity'8.

Figures 5 and 6 depict a corner formed by hollow blocks completely enclosing'the cavity 8 on its four sides, the extension of thebon'd 11 into therecesses' 15 in the blocks producing a substantial reinforcing joint.

A form of joint connecting the end of one wall 17 with the side of another 18 is exhibited in Figures 7 and 8. Solid blocks may be used in both Walls in forming the junction having the recess or intermediate space 19 between the Walls 17 and 18. Or

solid blocks may be used only in the walls '18 and hollow blocks may be employed in the juxtaposed end of the wall 17. In either casethe bond 20 of moldable material occupies the space 19 and, in the latte. case,'extends intothe recesses 21 in the hollow blocks, the'open ends 22 of said blocks facing the recess or cavity 19. Or both walls may be formed of hollow blocks, as shown in the figures. The wall 17 may be an interior partition wall and be formed of long hollow blocks 23 and short hollow blocks 24. The wall 18 preferably contains both bloclrsl'23 and '24 and larger blocks 25, preferably arranged in the manner shown to form the recess 19 on the inner side of the wall 18, the blocks 24 and 25 adjacent the said recess 25 having their open ends 22 facing the same, so that the bond 11 of moldable material may extend thereinto and form a substantial connection therewith. Instead of the'blo'cks 23 and 24, single L-shaped blocks 26 may be employed to obtain the cavity 19in the wall 18, as shown in"Fig'ure' 9.

The blocks lining the cavity 19 may, also,

be in retracted relation'to one another, as

obtains in the case of the blocks forming the'cavity 8, as exhibited by figures 10 and 11. The reinforcing columns 11 and 20 of bonding material may be connected and braced into a 'single"structure by a trans verse beam 27, 7 preferably formed integral with the columns 11 by molding simultaneously therewith.

The transverse beam 27 is preferably located on the walls between the floors of a building to serve as a sleeper, receiving: the

weight unevenly transmitted thereto at le calized points under the joists resting thereon, and distributing it more evenly or equalizing it among the blocks thereunz This feature is particularly valuable wl employed in a wall formed of hollow blo any excessive weight on a joist placed rectly on a block over its hollow portion be ing manifestly detrimental.

To facilitat the melding of the beam or sleeper 27, and to render it inconspicuous from the exterior of the structure, channelshaped blocks 28 are provided, the web 29 of the channel blocks resting on the wall beneath, and the upright flanges 39 and 31 thereof having); their uter faces and 33 parallel with the respective sides 34 and 35 of the wall. The face 32 is preferably constructed to mble and harmonize with the face of the wall, so that the interposition of the blocks 28 therein may not mar the outward appearance of the wall. The corner channel block 36 is L-shaped and has an aperture 37 in registration with the cavity 8. The particular block 28 over the cavity 19, also, has an aperture 238 in registration with the said cavity 19. ll hen the parts hare been assembled as shown in Figure 10, the moldable binding material poured into the blocks 28 and 36, from whence it passes through the apertures 37 and 38 into the recesses or spaces 8 and 19, the material in the blocks 28 ti1( being filled to level with the top edges of the flanges 30 and 31.

The blocks used in the construction of the walls may be much larger than the usual brick size, and those faces of the block making up the outer side of the walls may have thereon the represem" tion of smaller units of brick 10 sepa. l. by the usual layers of mortar 4:1, as shown in Figure 9.

Furthermore, it is not to understood that all the blocks employed in this construction need necessarily be all solid, or all hollow, but solid blocks and hollow blocks may be used together in either wall, or solid blocks may be used in one wall, and hollow blocks in the other meeting it.

Having thus described this invention, I hereby reserve the benefit of all changes in form, arrangement, order or use of parts, as it is evident that many minor changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of this invention or the scope of the following claims.

' I claim:

1. The combination, with a pair of juxtaposed walls having an intermediate space I and meeting therebetween and being formed of super posed layers of blocks some of which are hollow and open-ended, the space-facing blocks of some layers being retracted from the said space to form recesses communicating therewith, and the space-facing blocks of other layers being hollow and presenting their open end faces to the said space; of a column of cementitious material in the said space and extending into the said recesses and into the open ends of the hollow blocks facing the said space.

2. The combination, with a pair of juxtaposed walls having an intermediate space therebetween, and being formed of openended hollow blocks, the said space being faced by the open end faces of blocks; of a column of moldable material in the said space and filling the open ends of the hollow blocks adjacent thereto.

8. The combination, with a pair of juxtaposed walls having an intermediate space therebetween, and being formed of openended hollow blocks, the said space being faced by the open end faces of blocks, the space-facing blocks of some layers being retracted from the said space with relation to others; of a column of moldable material filling the said space and the open ends of the space-facing blocks.

4-. The combination, with a pair of meeting walls formed of superposed layers of open-ended hollow blocks and having a recessed junction lined by the open end faces of blocks in the respective walls, the blocks in some layers presenting their open end faces in retracted relation to the blocks in other layers; of a column of moldable material filling the said recess and extending into the said hollow blocks.

5. The combination of a pair of walls consisting of blocks laid in courses, the said walls extending in different directions 7 at their ends to form a corner, the outer corner portions of said walls meeting to form a continuous block structure, and the inner portion of either of said walls terminating at the inner side of the other of said walls to form a cavity extending from the top to the bottom of the said walls; and a reinforcing column of cementitious material filling the said cavity.

6. The combination of a pair of walls formed of blocks and extending in different directions and meeting at their ends to form a corner, the outer corner portions of said walls meeting to form a continuous block structure, and the inner portion of either of said walls terminating at the inner side of the other of said walls to form a vertically extending cavity, the said terminating surfaces having vertically spaced lateral recesses therein; and a column of moldable material filling the said cavity and the said recesses.

7. The combination of a pair of walls e1nbodying open-ended hollow blocks, the said blocks extending in different directions and meeting at their ends to form a corner, the outer corner portions of said walls being joined in a continuous structure, and the innor portion of either of said walls terminating at the inner side of the other of said walls to form a vertical cavity, the said terminations consisting of the open end faces of the hollow blocks; and a bond of moldable material filling the said cavity and the open ends of the said hollow blocks.

8. The combination of a pair of walls formed of blocks laid in courses, the said walls extending in different directions and meeting at their ends to form a corner, the outer corner portions of said walls meeting in a continuous structure, and the inner portion of either of said walls terminating at the inner side of the other of said walls to form a vertical cavity, the said terminations consisting of the faces of blocks, some of which are in retracted relation to the others; and a column of cementitious material filling the said cavity and the recesses extending to the said retracted blocks.

9. The combination of a pair of walls embodying open-ended hollow blocks, the said walls extending in different directions and meeting at their ends to form a corner, the outer corner portions of said walls be ing joined in a continuous structure, and the inner portion of either of said walls terminating at the inner side of the other of said walls to form a cavity, the said terminations consisting of the open end faces of the hollow blocks, some of which are in retracted relation to the others; and a bond of moldable material filling the said cavity and extending into the said retracted blocks.

10. The combination of a pair of walls formed of blocks laid in courses, the said walls extending in different directions and so disposed that an end of one wall meets a side of the other, the said blocks forming the said other wall being spaced apart on its meeting side to form a vertically extending recess therein which is closed by the said end of the said one wall; and a reinforcing column of cementitious material filling the said recess.

11. A wall construction comprising a pair of walls extending in different directions and meeting at their ends to form a corner, the outer portion of the said walls being joined in a continuous structure and the inner portion of either of said walls terminating at the inner side of the other wall to form a vertically extending cavity at the inner corner of the walls, each of said walls having vertically spaced lateral recesses formed therein on the inner side and opening into the said cavity, the recesses of one wall being in staggered relation to the recesses of the other Wall, and a bonding material filling the said cavity and the said lateral recesses.

12. A Wall constructioncomprising blocks laid in courses to provide a pair of Walls extending in diilerent directions from a common meeting point, the blocks of the said walls being arranged at the said meeting point to form a cavity extending vertically of the Walls, each of said Walls hav ing the blocks lining the cavity in retracted relation to each other to provide lateral recesses opening into the said cavity, a plurality of channel-shaped blocks surmounting the said'walls to provide a trough and having an aperture in registration With the said cavity, bonding material filling thesaid trough and the cavity and providing a reinforcing column joining the tWo Walls, and

a Weightsupporting beam embedded inthe said column and extending the full height of the Walls.

In testimony whereof I hereunto'aflix my signature.

CYRUS E. COFFEE. 

